Inverted incandescent gas-lamp.



J.. w. osLER. INVERTED INGANDBSGENT. @asuma APPLIUATION FILED JUNE1751908.

J. W. HOSLER. INVERTED 4lNGANDESOENI? GAS' LAMP.

- APPLIOATI'oN HLED mmh, 190s.` 923,972.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Patented June 8, 1909.

A l A r JOHN W. HOSLER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS;

INVERTED INCANDESCENT GAS-LAMP.

Specification of Letters Yatent.

Patented .Tune 8, 1909.

Application filed. June 17, 1908. Serial No. 438,954.

To all whom it may concern: Y

Be it known that I, JOHN W. HosLnR, a citizen of the United States, anda resident of the city of Chicago, Cook county, Illinois, have inventedcertain new and useful Improvements in Inverted Incandescent Gas- Lamps;and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription of the same, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which formapart of this specification.

One very serious difficulty heretofore not satisfactorily overcome inthe construction of inverted and manyother incandescent gas lamps hasbeen the flickering due to the slight but constant variations in thepressure, which soon produces extreme weariness of the eye. This, `insuch'lamps as employ gasolene or a similar hydro-carbon is due to slightvariations in the rate of generating.

In others-where city gas is used, similarv conditions are caused nodoubt, by variations in pressure, caused by variations in consumptionfrom the main. Appreciable variations in the flame, however, areconstantly noticeable and these have heretofore been present to agreater or less extent in all lamps of this class. Furthermore, andparticularly in inverted lamps it` has heretofore proven quite diflicultto afford a uniform and perfect com* bustion. This is clearly evidencedfrom the fact that in most of such lamps a very con-.

siderable portion of the mantle is often blackened and loaded'withcarbon deposits, thus destroying to a considerable extent the eiciencyof the lamp. This, no doubt, in

\ part is occasioned by imperfect mixture of the burning fluid and inpart by inadequacy of the air supply about the mantle. In any event, thelamp must of necessity prove in eiicient to the extent that the mantleis carbonized or blackened.

It is an object of this invention to afford rst, an incandescent lamp ofthe inverted type in which the ingredients may be `correctlyproportioned and thoroughly mixed before admission to the burner.

It is a further `object of the invention to afford a mixing chamberinconnection with a lamp of the class described in which the hydro-carbonfluid associated with a proper quantity of air, is directed in a jet orstream thereinto and thence sprayed into a pressure chamber, from whichthe lamp is supplied with its fuel, thus affording not only a perfectmixture, but as well preliminary heating of the mixture, and a gasretaining receptacle 4in which the hydro-carbon vapor mixed with air isheld at such pressure as to compensate for the variations in thepressure in the system. f

It is a further object of the invention to supply an adequate andabundant supply of air both within and without the mantle to affordperfect combustion and freedom from carbonization.

It is a further object of the invention to afford a suitable burner andsupport therefor on which the mantle may be quickly and detachablyengaged.

It is also an object of the invention to afford a screen of suitablemetal. adapted to be heated by the combustion but of such constructionand fineness of aperture as to preclude backsfiring.

It is also an object of the .invention to afford an exceedingly simpleand accurate adjusting means for the needle valve.

Finally it is an object of the invention to afford a lamp of the classdescribed of cheap and durable construction and in which the parts maybeeasily and quickly separated to permit of cleaning or repairs.

The invention consists in the matters heren .inafter described and morefully pointed out and defined in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Figure 1 is a central vertical section of'a lampembodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged central vertical sectionof the regulating valves. Fig. 3 is a section taken on line 3-3 of Fig.2. Fig. lis a side elevation of the burner and parts on which the sameis connected and supported, but showing the globe and hood removed andthe supply nozzle broken. Fig. 5 is an enlarged section on line 5-5 ofFig. 1, with parts omitted. Fig. 6 .is an enlarged section taken on line6 6 of Fig. l.

As shown in the drawings: A, indicates the supply pipe either connectedwith a source of hydro carbon vapor as, for instance, gasolene, orconnected with service pipes of a gas system. Threaded on said pipe isthe needle valve, which consists of a sleeve a, in which the servicepipe A, is connected, and which is also threaded toward its lower end onthe outer side to afford connection with the upper and large end of thenozzle a, and through which are provided apertures for the admission ofair, as shown in Figs. l and 2. Within the uppe1 end of the nozzle pipea', said fitting or casing e, is reducedin diameter and externallythreaded and provided across its end with a head a2, which is aperturedto permit the passage of gas or vapor therethrough and centrally engagedon said head a2, is the needle a3, of the needle valve. Threaded on saidreduced portion of the casing is a cap at, provided with a downwardlytapered closed end a5, which is provided with a central aperturetherethrough, as shown in Fig. 2, to receive the needle a3. Said cap, asshown, is of a length that when threaded upwardly on the reduced portionof the fitting or casing a, for the needle to entirely close theaperture therethrough and when threaded downwardly, to permit said capto descend below the needle sufficiently to open the passage to theextent desired. Said cap et, is provided on its outer side withlongitudinal ribs, which may be likened to gear teeth a6, and journaledin a suitable clip B, engaged around the supply nozzle a, and projectingthrough a suitable aperture in the side of said supply nozzle, is a wormB, which engages the longitudinal teeth on said cap, as shown in Fig. 3,to rotate the cap either downwardly or upwardly. As shown, said worm B',is provided with an outwardly7 directed stem b, provided with a handwheel to permit the ready rotation thereof. Fitted around the nozzle andserving in part as a guard to deflect the heat from the lamp from saidvalve and the air inlet apertures, is a conical, downwardly taperingdefiector C, the lower end of which fits against a bead a, on the supplynozzle and the upper end of which fiares outwardly from the supplynozzle andis closed at the top by means of a cover c, which extendsinwardly to the walls of the supply nozzle a, and is provided withapertures to permit of inlet of air, the outwardly fiaring sides of saiddefiector obvi ously serving to direct the hot products of combustionrising from the lamp from said inlet apertures. Said nozzle a, extendsdownwardly for a suitable length and near its lower end A, is tapered orconstructed to deliver the fuel mixture or illuminant in a pencil-likejet therefrom. The lamp proper is supported on said nozzle. For thispurpose, as shown, a sleeve D, of a diameter to receive the nozzletherethrough, as shown in Figs. l and t, is provided at its upper endwith a lamp socket notch, as shown in Fig. 4, adapted to engage a pin onthe nozzle and at its lower end, which terminates above the taper on thenozzle, is threaded to engage thereto the nut D, which is alsoexternally threaded to afford threaded engagement with the upper end ofthe casing or sleeve D2, and is provided on its under side with asomewhat larger bore also threaded to afford threaded engagement withthe upper end of the mixing and spraying chamber or cage l). Said casingD2, is of a length and diameter to afford a relatively large chamber forthe reception of the illuminaut mixture, and at the lower end of saidsleeve is engaged a sleeve D3, which is also engaged on the easing D2,by means of a lamp socket slot. as shown in Fig. 4, and adapted toengage a pin (Z, set in opposite sides of the wall of said casing.

Supported on the lower end of the burner sleeve D, is the burner or jetd', which may be constructed of any suitable material, preferably ofmaterial. of an extremely rcfractory nature and not subject to undueexpansion. Said jet or burner is provided with a bore of suitable sizetherethrough to admit the discharge of the combustible mixture and isturned or shaped to afford. a peripheral channel or groove about thesame intermediate its ends and the lower liange thus afforded isradially notched, as shown in Fig. 6, to permit of insertion of the ringthereon, on which the mantle F, is supported, said mantle ring beingprovided with inwardly directed projections f, which engage on theflange of the burner to support the mantle.

The mixing and spraying chamber E, comprises conveniently a sleeve ortube which, from a point somewhat above the inner tapered end A, of thenozzle, is sawed or slitted inwardly to afford a plurality of closelyarranged and very line slits, the webs between which are substantiallyhorizontal and may or may not be all arranged on opposite sides of theshell or sleeve. Engaged in the lower end of said mixing chamber andaffording a tight bottom therefor is a plate c, against which the jetdirected inwardly by the tapered end A, of the nozzle, impinges and thussprays as indicated by the arrow in F ig. l.

Engaged over the nut D, is a hood G, provided with aperturestherethrough, which permit of ready escape of the products of combustionand as shown, provided with a peripheral depending fiange g, affording aglobe ring and provided with set screws d', adapted to engage beneaththe peripheral bead or fiange on a globe Gr.

The operation is as follows: The hydrocarbon gas or liuid is admittedthrough the supply pipe A, and needle valve into the nozzle, for thispurpose the needle valve being adjusted to afford the desired rate ofinflow, and of course, being readily adjusted to vary the rate bythreading the cap at upwardly or downwardly on the externally threaded,tubular stem on which the needle 0,3, is supported. The iet from saidhydrocarbon fluid is delivered centrally down said nozzle and drawsinwardly an amount of air through the apertures in the cover c, of thedefiector C, sufficient to support. the comlll() bustion and anyregulating' means may be provided to retract or limit rsaid apertures tograduate the air supply. the air and illuminantiuid are directed withsuitable force against the bottom plate e, of the mixing and sprayingchamber and impinged against the same, owing to the construction of thenozzle, and directed upwardly and outwardly through the substantiallyhorizontal vslots in said chamber, as indicated by arrows in Fig. I, andthus passes downwardly between the cage and the walls of the chamber orreservoir D2, and through the jet or burner into the mantle, wherecombustion occurs. At the same time a considerable quantity of air isadmitted into the globe G', around the lamp ring and through the hoodGr, and this passing downwardly around the mantle affords an externalsource of oxygen to support fervent combustion sufficient to raise themantle to incandescence throughout its entire extent. Back firing cannever occur because of the slotted cage serving as a screen.

Inasmuch as the entire lamp may be removed instantly from the nozzle bymeans of the lamp socket arrangement whereby the lamp supported by thetube D, is engaged on the nozzle, and inasmuch as the burner or jet maybe quickly removed from the reservoir casing in the same manner, andalso owing to the threaded connection of the various parts, it isobvious that the lamp and all parts thereof may be quickly disassembledto admit of repairs or cleaning the same, and may as readily beconnectedup again after the cleaning has been effected.

Obviously many details of the construction may be varied, as it isclearly possible to utilize a screen for the walls of the mixing andspraying chamber, said screen serving as well as the slottedconstruction illustrated to thoroughly break up and vaporize anyvesicles of the volatilized and as well to thoroughtly mix the same withthe air to reduce the same practically to the condition of a fixedilluminant gas.

Inasmuch as a reserve quantity of the hydro-carbon mixture is containedwithin the casing D2, and this, owing to the fervent heat of the burneris maintained under considerable pressure at all times owing to theexpansion thereof, it follows that a sulficient quantity of suchilluminant is at all times supplied to the burner to support maximumcombustion and that slight variations in the system pressure cannot, inconsequence, cause the lampfto flicker or to burn unsteadily.

While I have described but one construction embodying my invention, itwill be evident that numerous Y variations and changes may be veffected,and I therefore do From the nozzle,

hydro-carbon fluid not' not purpose limiting this application for patentotherwise than necessitated by the prior art.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a lamp of the class described the combination with a burner and anenlarged chamber to maintain a constant supply of an illuminant for theburner at uniform pressure, of a mixing and spraying chamber thereinhaving a closed bottom having apertured sides, and a tapered nozzleextending axially into said chamber and beyond some of the aperturestherein, the taper of said nozzle being such as to constrict the flowtherethrough in a j et onto said bottom.

2. In a lamp of the class described the combination with the burner ofan enlarged chamber with which the same is directly connected tomaintain uniform pressure of the illuminant for the burner, a mixing anspraying chamber within the same, embracing a closed flat bottom andapertured sides, a tapered nozzle extending down into said inner chamberand below some of the apertures therein, the taper of said nozzle beingsuch as to constrict the flow therethrough in a jet onto said flatbottom and regulable means admitting the illuminant mixture into thenozzle. i

3. In a lamp of the class described the combination with a burner of acylindric casing on which the burner is detachably supported, saidcasing ai'ording an enlarged chamber to maintain a supply of anilluminant for the burner at constant pressure, a mixing and sprayingchamber disposed axially within said enlarged chamber and having aclosed {iatbottom and apertured sides, a tapered nozzle extendingaxially into said spraying chamber and below some of the aperturestherein, and directing the illuminant centrally onto said flat bottom.

4. In a device of the class described a mixing and spraying chambercomprising a cylindric shell having its side walls horizontally slotted,a flat bottom therein and a tapered nozzle extending into said chamberbeyond some of the slots and directing its jet centrally on said flatbottom and a regulating inlet valve for the illuminant opening into thenozzle.

5. In a device of the class described the combination with a taperedinlet nozzle for the illuminant of a mixing and spraying shell havingnarrow, horizontal slots in its side walls and a flat bottom and intowhich said tapered nozzle extends to a point below some of the slots anddirecting its jet centrally on the flat bottom, a pressure chamberinclosing the spraying chamber and opening to a burner, a regulatinginlet valve for the nozzle, a removable burner secured to the pressurechamber, said burner having flanges providing an annular external grooveand slots opening through the lower flange, a

das

Ynection between the nozzle and ring having lugs adapted to extendthrough the grooves in said ange and to rest onthe iiange to support thering and a mantle secured to the ring.

6. In a lamp of the class described the combination with a supply pipeof a nozzle threaded thereon and tapering downwardly, a regulatingneedle valve affording the lconsaid nozzle having air inlet openingstherein below the valve, a burner supported on said nozzle by meanspermitting quick detachment therefrom and embracing an apertured mixingand spraying cage having an unpere forated bottom and into which saidtapered nozzle extends to a point below the first pervinclosing saidmixing and supply pipe, I

forations, directing its jet centrally upon said bottom, an enlargedpressure chamber spraying cage and opening downwardly, a burner jet andmantle detachably supported thereon and communicating therein, and anapertured deiiector supported above the burner and a globe supportingring supported thereon.

In testimony whereof 'l have hereunto subscribed my name in the presenceof two subscribing witnesses.

JOHN lV. HOSLER. Titnesses C. XV. HILLS, K. E. HANNAH.'

